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Income Tax

Tax Calculator

Estimate your 2026 federal and state income tax. See exactly how your income flows through each bracket, apply deductions and credits, and find out if you'll get a refund.

Updated May 2026 · 2026 projected brackets · Read our methodology

How federal income tax works

The US uses a progressive tax system. Your income isn't taxed at a single flat rate — instead, it's divided into segments called brackets. Each bracket is taxed at a higher rate than the one before it. The bracket waterfall chart above shows exactly how your income flows through each tier.

Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)

Your AGI is your total gross income minus above-the-line deductions like the self-employment tax deduction (50% of SE tax). AGI determines eligibility for many credits and deduction phase-outs.

Standard vs. itemized deduction

You can take the standard deduction or itemize. The calculator shows both totals to help you decide. Itemizing makes sense when your mortgage interest, state/local taxes (capped at $10,000), charitable contributions, and qualifying medical expenses exceed the standard deduction.

Methodology & limitations

  • Uses 2026 projected federal tax brackets and standard deductions.
  • State taxes use simplified bracket structures — local taxes, surtaxes, and state-specific credits are not modeled.
  • EITC uses projected 2026 parameters; actual thresholds may differ slightly.
  • Education credits use simplified maximum amounts without income phase-out.
  • Does not model AMT, estimated tax payments, or prior-year carryovers.
  • Withholding auto-estimate assumes standard W-4 matching your filing status.
  • Self-employment tax uses the 92.35% net earnings factor and applies the 50% deduction.

Frequently asked questions

What is my marginal vs effective tax rate?
Your marginal rate is the percentage applied to your last dollar of income — the highest bracket you fall into. Your effective rate is the overall percentage of your total income going to all taxes. Because the US uses progressive brackets, your effective rate is always lower.
How do tax brackets work?
Your income is split into segments. The first $11,925 (single, 2026) is taxed at 10%. The next $36,550 at 12%. And so on. You only pay the higher rate on income within that bracket — not on everything. The waterfall chart above visualizes this clearly.
Should I take the standard or itemized deduction?
Take whichever is larger. The calculator shows both totals side by side. Most filers benefit from the standard deduction. If you have a large mortgage, high state taxes, or significant charitable giving, itemizing may save more.
How accurate is the refund estimate?
It's an estimate based on your inputs and projected 2026 tax parameters. For a precise number, enter your actual withholding from pay stubs rather than relying on the auto-estimate. The calculator does not account for estimated tax payments or other withholding adjustments.
What tax credits reduce what I owe?
Credits directly reduce your tax liability. The Child Tax Credit ($2,000/child), EITC, Child & Dependent Care Credit, and education credits are included. Some credits are refundable — they can result in a refund even if you owe no tax.

This tool is for educational purposes only and does not constitute tax advice. Consult a licensed tax professional for decisions specific to your situation.

2026 Federal Income Tax Brackets

Projected brackets based on IRS inflation adjustments.

Single

Taxable incomeRate
$0 – $11,92510%
$11,925 – $48,47512%
$48,475 – $103,35022%
$103,350 – $197,30024%
$197,300 – $250,52532%
$250,525 – $626,35035%
Over $626,35037%

Married Filing Jointly

Taxable incomeRate
$0 – $23,85010%
$23,850 – $96,95012%
$96,950 – $206,70022%
$206,700 – $394,60024%
$394,600 – $501,05032%
$501,050 – $751,60035%
Over $751,60037%

Married Filing Separately

Taxable incomeRate
$0 – $11,92510%
$11,925 – $48,47512%
$48,475 – $103,35022%
$103,350 – $197,30024%
$197,300 – $250,52532%
$250,525 – $375,80035%
Over $375,80037%

Head of Household

Taxable incomeRate
$0 – $17,00010%
$17,000 – $64,85012%
$64,850 – $103,35022%
$103,350 – $197,30024%
$197,300 – $250,50032%
$250,500 – $626,35035%
Over $626,35037%